Forty percent of the world's population experience water shortages in some regions or at certain times of the year. Water shortages, human induced or not, can negatively affect natural habitats and biodiversity. The exploitation of water resources also has economic, political and social dimensions. We cannot produce food, or even industrial products, without using water. Political negotiations are necessary to manage shared rivers and human societies have traditionally organized themselves around water points, with water being valued in all religions.This book focuses on water issues in the context of environmental sustainability, governance and 'actions' at different levels.